Specifying an overhead crane. This is generally structural layout where overhead crane is located in building.
Wednesday, January 29, 2014
SPECIFYING AN OVERHEAD CRANE
Specifying an overhead crane. This is generally structural layout where overhead crane is located in building.
Wednesday, January 15, 2014
BASIC CRANE COMPONENTS
To help you and the reader better understand names and expressions used throughout this course, find below is a diagram of basic crane components.
1) Bridge - The main traveling structure of the crane which spans the width of the bay and travels in a direction parallel to the runway. The bridge consists of two end trucks and one or two bridge girders depending on the equipment type. The bridge also supports the trolley and hoisting mechanism for up and down lifting of load.
2) End trucks - Located on either side of the bridge, the end trucks house the wheels on which the entire crane travels. It is an assembly consisting of structural members, wheels, bearings, axles, etc., which supports the bridge girder(s) or the trolley cross member(s).
3) Bridge Girder(s) - The principal horizontal beam of the crane bridge which supports the trolley and is supported by the end trucks.
4) Runway - The rails, beams, brackets and framework on which the crane operates.
5) Runway Rail - The rail supported by the runway beams on which the crane travels.
6) Hoist - The hoist mechanism is a unit consisting of a motor drive, coupling, brakes, gearing, drum, ropes, and load block designed to raise, hold and lower the maximum rated load. Hoist mechanism is mounted to the trolley.
7) Trolley - The unit carrying the hoisting mechanism which travels on the bridge rails in a direction at right angles to the crane runway. Trolley frame is the basic structure of the trolley on which are mounted the hoisting and traversing mechanisms.
8) Bumper (Buffer) - An energy absorbing device for reducing impact when a moving crane or trolley reaches the end of its permitted travel, or when two moving cranes or trolleys come into contact. This device may be attached to the bridge, trolley or runway stop.
Wednesday, January 1, 2014
EOT CRANE CONFIGURATION
Today's post is to know electric overhead travelling crane configuration.
1) Under Running (U/R)
2) Top Running (T/R)
Under running cranes
Under Running or under slung cranes are distinguished by the fact that they are supported from the roof structure and run on the bottom flange of runway girders. Under running cranes are typically available in standard capacities up to 10 tons (special configurations up to 25 tons and over 90 ft spans). Under hung cranes offer excellent side approaches, close headroom and can be supported on runways hung from existing building members if adequate.
The Under Running Crane offers the following advantages:
o Very small trolley approach dimensions meaning maximum utilization of the building's width and height.
o The possibility of using the existing ceiling girder for securing the crane track.
Following are some limitations to Under Running Cranes:-
o Hook Height - Due to Location of the runway beams, Hook Height is reduced
o Roof Load - The load being applied to the roof is greater than that of a top running crane
o Lower Flange Loading of runway beams require careful sizing otherwise, you can "peel" the flanges off the beam
Top Running Cranes
The crane bridge travels on top of rails mounted on a runway beam supported by either the building columns or columns specifically engineered for the crane. Top Running Cranes are the most common form of crane design where the crane loads are transmitted to the building columns or free standing structure. These cranes have an advantage of minimum headroom / maximum height of lift.
1) Under Running (U/R)
2) Top Running (T/R)
Under running cranes
Under Running or under slung cranes are distinguished by the fact that they are supported from the roof structure and run on the bottom flange of runway girders. Under running cranes are typically available in standard capacities up to 10 tons (special configurations up to 25 tons and over 90 ft spans). Under hung cranes offer excellent side approaches, close headroom and can be supported on runways hung from existing building members if adequate.
The Under Running Crane offers the following advantages:
o Very small trolley approach dimensions meaning maximum utilization of the building's width and height.
o The possibility of using the existing ceiling girder for securing the crane track.
Following are some limitations to Under Running Cranes:-
o Hook Height - Due to Location of the runway beams, Hook Height is reduced
o Roof Load - The load being applied to the roof is greater than that of a top running crane
o Lower Flange Loading of runway beams require careful sizing otherwise, you can "peel" the flanges off the beam
Top Running Cranes
The crane bridge travels on top of rails mounted on a runway beam supported by either the building columns or columns specifically engineered for the crane. Top Running Cranes are the most common form of crane design where the crane loads are transmitted to the building columns or free standing structure. These cranes have an advantage of minimum headroom / maximum height of lift.
Wednesday, December 18, 2013
Which Crane should you choose – Single Girder or Double Girder?
Hii..this post is about which crane should you choose either Single Girder or Double Girder?
A common misconception is that double girder cranes are more durable! Per the industry standards (CMMA/DIN/FEM), both single and double girder cranes are equally rigid, strong and durable. This is because single girder cranes use much stronger girders than double girder cranes. The difference between single and double girder cranes is the effective lifting height.
Generally, double girder cranes provide better lifting height. Single girder cranes cost less in many ways, only one cross girder is required, trolley is simpler, installation is quicker and runway beams cost less due to the lighter crane dead weight. The building costs are also lower. However, not every crane can be a single girder crane. Generally, if the crane is more than 15 ton or the span is more than 30m, a double girder crane is a better solution.
The advantages and limitations of Single / double girder cranes are as follows:
Single Girder Cranes
o Single girder bridge cranes generally have a maximum span between 20 and 50 feet with a
maximum lift of 15-50 feet.
o They can handle 1-15 tonnes with bridge speeds approaching a maximum of 200 feet per minute (fpm), trolley speeds of approximately 100 fpm, and hoist speeds ranging from 10-60 fpm.
o They are candidates for light to moderate service and are cost effective for use as a standby (infrequently used) crane.
o Single girder cranes reduce the total crane cost on crane components, runway structure and building.
Double Girder Cranes
o Double girder cranes are faster, with maximum bridge speeds, trolley speeds and hoist speeds approaching 350 fpm, 150 fpm, and 60 fpm, respectively.
o They are useful cranes for a variety of usage levels ranging from infrequent, intermittent use to continuous severe service. They can lift up to 100 tons.
o These can be utilized at any capacity where extremely high hook lift is required because the hook can be pulled up between the girders.
o They are also highly suitable where the crane needs to be fitted with walkways, crane lights, cabs, magnet cable reels or other special equipment.
A common misconception is that double girder cranes are more durable! Per the industry standards (CMMA/DIN/FEM), both single and double girder cranes are equally rigid, strong and durable. This is because single girder cranes use much stronger girders than double girder cranes. The difference between single and double girder cranes is the effective lifting height.
Generally, double girder cranes provide better lifting height. Single girder cranes cost less in many ways, only one cross girder is required, trolley is simpler, installation is quicker and runway beams cost less due to the lighter crane dead weight. The building costs are also lower. However, not every crane can be a single girder crane. Generally, if the crane is more than 15 ton or the span is more than 30m, a double girder crane is a better solution.
The advantages and limitations of Single / double girder cranes are as follows:
Single Girder Cranes
o Single girder bridge cranes generally have a maximum span between 20 and 50 feet with a
maximum lift of 15-50 feet.
o They can handle 1-15 tonnes with bridge speeds approaching a maximum of 200 feet per minute (fpm), trolley speeds of approximately 100 fpm, and hoist speeds ranging from 10-60 fpm.
o They are candidates for light to moderate service and are cost effective for use as a standby (infrequently used) crane.
o Single girder cranes reduce the total crane cost on crane components, runway structure and building.
Double Girder Cranes
o Double girder cranes are faster, with maximum bridge speeds, trolley speeds and hoist speeds approaching 350 fpm, 150 fpm, and 60 fpm, respectively.
o They are useful cranes for a variety of usage levels ranging from infrequent, intermittent use to continuous severe service. They can lift up to 100 tons.
o These can be utilized at any capacity where extremely high hook lift is required because the hook can be pulled up between the girders.
o They are also highly suitable where the crane needs to be fitted with walkways, crane lights, cabs, magnet cable reels or other special equipment.
Wednesday, December 4, 2013
TYPES OF ELECTRIC OVERHEAD CRANES - Part 2
Hii...we continued the last post that talk about overhead crane generally or basically..
There are various types of overhead cranes with many being highly specialized, but the great majority of installations fall into one of three categories:
a) Top running single girder bridge cranes,
b) Top running double girder bridge cranes and
c) Under-running single girder bridge cranes.
Electric Overhead Traveling (EOT) Cranes come in various types:
1) Single girder cranes - The crane consists of a single bridge girder supported on two end trucks. It has a trolley hoist mechanism that runs on the bottom flange of the bridge girder.
2) Double Girder Bridge Cranes - The crane consists of two bridge girders supported on two end trucks. The trolley runs on rails on the top of the bridge girders.
3) Gantry Cranes - These cranes are essentially the same as the regular overhead cranes except that the bridge for carrying the trolley or trolleys is rigidly supported on two or more legs running on fixed rails or other runway. These “legs” eliminate the supporting runway and column system and connect to end trucks which run on a rail either embedded in, or laid on top of, the floor.
4) Monorail - For some applications such as production assembly line or service line, only a trolley hoist is required. The hoisting mechanism is similar to a single girder crane with a difference that the crane doesn’t have a movable bridge and the hoistingtrolley runs on a fixed girder. Monorail beams are usually I-beams (tapered beam flanges).
There are various types of overhead cranes with many being highly specialized, but the great majority of installations fall into one of three categories:
a) Top running single girder bridge cranes,
b) Top running double girder bridge cranes and
c) Under-running single girder bridge cranes.
Electric Overhead Traveling (EOT) Cranes come in various types:
1) Single girder cranes - The crane consists of a single bridge girder supported on two end trucks. It has a trolley hoist mechanism that runs on the bottom flange of the bridge girder.
2) Double Girder Bridge Cranes - The crane consists of two bridge girders supported on two end trucks. The trolley runs on rails on the top of the bridge girders.
3) Gantry Cranes - These cranes are essentially the same as the regular overhead cranes except that the bridge for carrying the trolley or trolleys is rigidly supported on two or more legs running on fixed rails or other runway. These “legs” eliminate the supporting runway and column system and connect to end trucks which run on a rail either embedded in, or laid on top of, the floor.
4) Monorail - For some applications such as production assembly line or service line, only a trolley hoist is required. The hoisting mechanism is similar to a single girder crane with a difference that the crane doesn’t have a movable bridge and the hoistingtrolley runs on a fixed girder. Monorail beams are usually I-beams (tapered beam flanges).
Ortie, see u next post..thanks.
Wednesday, November 20, 2013
General Overview - Overhead Crane Part 1
Cranes are industrial machines that are mainly used for materials movements in construction sites, production halls, assembly lines, storage areas, power stations and similar places. Their design features vary widely according to their major operational specifications such as: type of motion of the crane structure, weight and type of the load, location of the crane, geometric features, operating regimes and environmental conditions.
When selecting an electric overhead traveling crane, there are a number of requirements to be taken into account.
1) What specifications, codes or local regulations are applicable?
2) What crane capacity is required?
3) What is the required span?
4) What is the lift required by the hoist?
5) What will be the duty cycle (usage) of the crane?
6) What is the hoist weight? Do you need the use of a second hoist on the bridge crane?
7) What is the hook approach required?
8) What length of runway system is desired?
9) What factors need to be considered in the design of runway and building structure?
10) What will the operating environment be (dust, paint fumes, outdoor, etc)?
11) What are the necessary crane and trolley speeds?
12) What is the supply voltage/phases/amperage?
13) What control system is desired?
14) Is there existing cranes on the runway?
When selecting an electric overhead traveling crane, there are a number of requirements to be taken into account.
1) What specifications, codes or local regulations are applicable?
2) What crane capacity is required?
3) What is the required span?
4) What is the lift required by the hoist?
5) What will be the duty cycle (usage) of the crane?
6) What is the hoist weight? Do you need the use of a second hoist on the bridge crane?
7) What is the hook approach required?
8) What length of runway system is desired?
9) What factors need to be considered in the design of runway and building structure?
10) What will the operating environment be (dust, paint fumes, outdoor, etc)?
11) What are the necessary crane and trolley speeds?
12) What is the supply voltage/phases/amperage?
13) What control system is desired?
14) Is there existing cranes on the runway?
15) What safety considerations are to be followed?
16) Consider maintenance aspects of the crane.
17) Consider other accessories such as lights, warning horns, weigh scales, limit switches, etc.
But before we discuss further, you have need to know a general clarity of the terminology used in the overhead crane industry.
Ok..wait for the next post..see you!!
Saturday, October 23, 2010
Factors To Consider When Purchasing A Crane 2010
Hello to my readers..
If you own a business in one of these industries, the choice of a crane is critical for the success and efficiency of your business. So, here are some important factors that you must take into account for buying a crane.
Types of Crane
To begin with, you must know the different types of cranes available in the market. You must decide whether you need a mobile or fixed crane. You must also learn about overhead cranes, gantry cranes, monorail cranes, material lifting cranes, heavy duty cranes and other options to decide which one suits your requirements.
Lifting Capacity
An important consideration while choosing a crane is the maximum weight lifting capacity specified by the manufacturer. Different applications require materials with different weights to be lifted. So, the crane you select must be capable of supporting the maximum weight to be lifted at your workplace. Make sure that you dont oversize the capacity of the crane purchased.
Usage Limit
Another deciding factor to buy one of the industrial cranes is the limit of its usage. You must know how many times the crane would be used per hour or per shift. Besides, you must also know the shifts per day and the days per week for which the crane would be used. This should help you choose the crane that withstands a particular usage limit.
Learn about Components
Cranes with different components are suitable for different working environments. So, you must take into account the components like mechanical components and electrical components. Besides, you must also learn about the motor controls and operator controls to ensure that the right crane is purchased.
Speeds and Distances
Learn about the speed with which the crane lifts a particular quantity of eight. At the same time, you must learn about the maximum height or horizontal distance that the crane can move. All these factors help you choose the suitable industrial cranes that add efficiency to your working style.
Maintenance Required
Finally, you must consider the maintenance required for different parts of the crane, including motors, gearboxes, bearings, wire ropes and so on. Ask for warranty from the seller of industrial cranes.
Taking all these things into consideration should help you invest money in right types of gantry cranes, heavy duty cranes or other cranes.
Ok, thats all for this post..
See u next post..
If you own a business in one of these industries, the choice of a crane is critical for the success and efficiency of your business. So, here are some important factors that you must take into account for buying a crane.
Types of Crane
To begin with, you must know the different types of cranes available in the market. You must decide whether you need a mobile or fixed crane. You must also learn about overhead cranes, gantry cranes, monorail cranes, material lifting cranes, heavy duty cranes and other options to decide which one suits your requirements.
Lifting Capacity
An important consideration while choosing a crane is the maximum weight lifting capacity specified by the manufacturer. Different applications require materials with different weights to be lifted. So, the crane you select must be capable of supporting the maximum weight to be lifted at your workplace. Make sure that you dont oversize the capacity of the crane purchased.
Usage Limit
Another deciding factor to buy one of the industrial cranes is the limit of its usage. You must know how many times the crane would be used per hour or per shift. Besides, you must also know the shifts per day and the days per week for which the crane would be used. This should help you choose the crane that withstands a particular usage limit.
Learn about Components
Cranes with different components are suitable for different working environments. So, you must take into account the components like mechanical components and electrical components. Besides, you must also learn about the motor controls and operator controls to ensure that the right crane is purchased.
Speeds and Distances
Learn about the speed with which the crane lifts a particular quantity of eight. At the same time, you must learn about the maximum height or horizontal distance that the crane can move. All these factors help you choose the suitable industrial cranes that add efficiency to your working style.
Maintenance Required
Finally, you must consider the maintenance required for different parts of the crane, including motors, gearboxes, bearings, wire ropes and so on. Ask for warranty from the seller of industrial cranes.
Taking all these things into consideration should help you invest money in right types of gantry cranes, heavy duty cranes or other cranes.
Ok, thats all for this post..
See u next post..
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